The relationship between illnesses and medical drug consumption with the occurrence of traffic accidents among truck and bus drivers in Tehran, Iran / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#To determine the relationship of illnesses and medical drug consumption with the occurrence of traffic accidents among truck and bus drivers.@*METHODS@#This is a cross-sectional study on truck and bus drivers in Tehran, Iran. The criteria for participating in this study were: married males over 30 years old, driving license in grade one, five years of job experience, mental health and non-addiction license. The criterion for not participating in this study was the lack of cooperation in responding to the questions. Six months was spent to collect the latest five years data of driving accidents from 2011 to 2016. A total of 323 truck and bus drivers in Tehran city and the suburbs, Iran were chosen. Among them, 112 were responsible for accidents (accident group) while 211 were not responsible for any accidents or involved in an accident in the last five years (non-accident group). A specially designed questionnaire was used to investigate the demographic information, medical drug consumption, medical backgrounds and history of accidents.@*RESULTS@#The results revealed that compared with healthy subjects, the occurrence of accidents among people with diabetes (OR = 2.3, p = 0.001) and vision weakness (OR = 1.7, p = 0.020) was significantly higher, while that among people with cardiac (OR = 0.5, p = 0.002) and hypertension (OR = 0.9, p = 0.048) problems was remarkably lower. Moreover, consumption of Gemfibrozil (OR = 1.8, p = 0.010) and Glibenclamide (OR = 2.2, p = 0.002) drugs resulted in significantly higher incidence of accidents than those without.@*CONCLUSION@#Frequencies of illnesses like cardiovascular and hypertension were not higher in accident drivers than in non-accident drivers; but diabetes, vision weakness and consumption of Gemfibrozil and Glibenclamide lead to more traffic accidents.

[Risk assessment of different units in brake pads manufacture by using Frank Morgan method]

Introduction and Aims: in today's world hazard and related risks are vary and most severity of them are so high that it is practically impossible to compensate for the resulting consequences. Risk assessment is a logical method to evaluate the hazards that discus to detect hazards and their potential impact on people, materials, equipment and the environment. The aim of this study was to identify hazards and assess the risks of different units of the Jahantormoz Company using the Frank - Morgan method

Methods: this Descriptive study was conducted at 12 unit of Jahantormoz manufacture in 2013. In this study, hazards and exist controls was identified by using hazard detection and control checklist then final comparison was conducted by calculating the total investment at risk and the overall risk

Results: according to surveys conducted the highest and lowest hazard scores respectively were obtained from mix [215] and Central warehouse [87] units and highest and lowest control scores respectively were obtained from Perform [234] and Central warehouse [164] units. Also, highest and lowest Risk index respectively were obtained from Cutting unit [88] and central warehouse [-10] units. Finally, Packaging was dedicated highest overall risk index

Conclusion: considering that the packaging unit has the highest overall risk index, this unit has priority in control and required controlling measures should be performed

Risk Assessment of Computer Users' Upper Musculoskeletal limbs Disorders in a Power Company by means of RULA Method and NMQ in 1390

Background and aims: Development and rapid increase of computer usage in all aspects of industry and society has been caused remarkable increase in musculoskeletal disorders of upper limbs. So, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of upper musculoskeletal limbs disorders, to assess potential risk to them and their relations with demographic characteristics among computer users of a power company`s Computer Users

Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional and descriptive - analytic study, all computer users who worked in official units [60 people] of a power company that had entry criteria were chosen in 1390. In this study, Nordic questionnaire and RULA method were used. Data gathering was analyzed by applying SPSS13 software, statistical tests, Chi-Square and Independent Sample T- test

Results: The results of the questionnaire revealed that the most pain was related to back [80.00%], neck [73.30%], arms/ wrists [73.30%], and shoulder [46.70%] respectively, in past year. There was also significant relation between the outbreak of back musculoskeletal disorders with age variations, job experience, and users` length [p<0.05]. The results of RULA revealed that 73.3%, 6.7% and 20% of computer users were exposed to medium, high, and very high risk of exposure to work, respectively

Conclusion: Computer users were determined from the medium risk level to very high risk level. Thus, in accordance with determined priority level of corrective action, ergonomic intervention and changes commensurate with working condition should be carried out. In order to prevent disorders and obtaining more efficiency, ergonomic instructions related to working with computer were trained to staffs and recommendations were presented in this field